Prairie Dog versus Range Land Owner Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Prairie Dog versus Range Land Owner - Essay Example Settlers were the ones granted to claim 160 acres of land for only $10 through the Homestead Act which was passed in 1860 in which, "Once the claim had been occupied for five years, it became the settler's property"(Black-Footed Ferret Recovery Program, 2005). The home for the prairie dogs, and other creatures were destroyed, more so for these creatures which in the eyes of humans were pests to their fields. More and more animals were being added to the endangered list as the settlers began to suffer the consequences of inhabiting the home of the prairie dogs. Black-Footed Ferret Recovery Implementation Team (2005) also stated that, "Few people recognized the ecological sensitivity of the Great Plains or realized that native grasses held the prairie soil together. Without native vegetation, winds carried away topsoil planted with crops. This problem became evident during the drought which caused the Dust Bowl and black blizzards of the 1930s when many farmers lost their land. It wasn 't until after this devastation that range management and soil conservation practices were developed." "Prairie dog colonies are unique ecosystems that attract a wide variety of wildlife" (Black-Footed Ferret Recovery Implementation Team, 2005).

Juvenile Justice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Juvenile Justice - Essay Example A result oriented treatment plan consists of: â€Å"screening, assessment, treatment and aftercare protocol† (NASW, 2008). However, public demand for a tough retributive approach to juvenile crime such as the fatal shooting tragedies in schools, can compel the use of high levels of punishment by the justice system, thus undermining the possibilities of improvement in the youth’s delinquency conditions. In contrast to the punitive or correctional approach, treatment programs help offenders to understand the root causes of their misconduct, experience the rewards of positive or prosocial behavior, and assist youth in re-integrating into the family, school and community. Research reveals that recidivism or relapse rates among those delinquent youth who received some type of treatment was found to be 25% less than among untreated control groups. Further, evidence-based best treatment programs reduce recidivism to an extent of 80% (Gendreau & Goggin: 1). Since juvenile offenders are not identical to one another, individualized treatment for each young person works most effectively when certain common features essential for success of treatment programs are included. Behavior modification techniques for improving interpersonal and basic social skills, self-control, anger management, and resistance to substance abuse have been found to reduce recidivism or relapse by as much as 50%. Behavioral modification techniques punish negative behaviors similar to the correctional model, but also reward positive behaviors (Abrams et al: 9). Those treatments which involve longer contact hours with the emotionally disturbed youth achieve better results, and in institutional settings, treatments given by mental health professionals reveal improved outcomes as compared to interventions by corrections staff. Further, individual counseling that directly addresses behavior,